IMF chief warns of economic turbulence ahead.

IMF chief warns of economic turbulence ahead. Kristalina Georgieva cautioned that prolonged Middle East conflict and sustained high oil prices pose serious risks to global economic stability. The closure of the Strait of Hormuz has already driven energy costs higher, squeezing vulnerable economies dependent on oil imports. Inflation concerns extend beyond energy to food prices, particularly threatening low-income countries that spend roughly 36 percent of consumption on food. The IMF estimates near-term financing needs between 20 to 50 billion dollars, with at least a dozen countries seeking new assistance programs. Georgieva urged central banks to exercise caution before raising interest rates where inflation expectations remain anchored, but acknowledged that nations with lower credibility may need stronger policy signals.