India's knowledge economy gets a measurement framework. The Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation released a base paper proposing a comprehensive framework to quantify how knowledge and knowledge products contribute to India's economy. The framework will capture contributions from research and development, intellectual property, software, artificial intelligence, digital platforms, scientific publications, innovation, and creative industries. A key proposal includes creating an effective R&D capital stock measure that converts annual research expenditure into accumulated knowledge capital estimates. The ministry acknowledged this is a challenging exercise with no global precedent or widely accepted methodology. Data gaps exist in innovation tracking, digital assets, AI adoption, and knowledge diffusion. A committee chaired by Ratan P.
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