India's labour market undergoes structural transformation. Latest PLFS data reveals seven key shifts reshaping employment. Agriculture's share in total employment has declined from 66% in 1987-88 to 43% in 2025, signaling sustained workforce movement toward non-agricultural sectors. Formal job generation improved notably, with 14.5% of workers now employed in firms exceeding 20 workers, up from 10.8% in 2024. Government manufacturing initiatives and production-linked incentive schemes across 14 critical sectors are driving this expansion. Skill development proves transformative, particularly for women, with government-funded training increasing female self-employment probability by 5.8%. Women household heads show 4.4% higher probability of regular wage employment. Female participation strengthens through multiple channels including Mudra loans and Jan Dhan accounts.
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